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When Esau heard the words of his father, he cried with an exceedingly great and bitter cry, and said to his father, “Bless me, even me also, my father.”

And when Esau H6215 heard H8085 (QalInf) the words H1697 of his father, H1 he cried H6817 (QalImpf) with a great H1419 and exceeding H3966 bitter H4751 cry, H6818 and said H559 (QalImpf) unto his father, H1 Bless H1288 (PielImpv) me, even me also, O my father. H1

εγενετο δε ηνικα ηκουσεν ησαυ τα ρηματα ισαακ του πατρος αυτου ανεβοησεν φωνην μεγαλην και πικραν σφοδρα και ειπεν ευλογησον δη καμε πατερ

When they came to Marah, they couldn’t drink from the waters of Marah, for they were bitter. Therefore its name was called Marah.°

Exodus 15:23 Marah means bitter.

And when they came H935 (QalImpf) to Marah,° H4785 they could H3201 (QalPerf) not drink H8354 (QalInf) of the waters H4325 of Marah, H4785 for they were bitter: H4751 therefore the name H8034 of it was called H7121 (QalPerf) Marah. H4785

Exodus 15:23 That is, Bitterness

ηλθον δε εις μερρα και ουκ ηδυναντο πιειν εκ μερρας πικρον γαρ ην δια τουτο επωνομασθη το ονομα του τοπου εκεινου πικρια

The priest shall set the woman before Yahweh, and let the hair of the woman’s head go loose, and put the meal offering of memorial in her hands, which is the meal offering of jealousy. The priest shall have in his hand the water of bitterness that brings a curse.

and the priest H3548 shall set H5975 (HiphPerf) the woman H802 before H6440 the Lord, H3068 and uncover H6544 (QalPerf) the woman’s H802 head, H7218 and put H5414 (QalPerf) the offering H4503 of memorial H2146 in her hands, H3709 which is the jealousy H7068 offering: H4503 and the priest H3548 shall have in his hand H3027 the bitter H4751 water H4325 that causeth the curse: H779 (PielPtc)

και στησει ο ιερευς την γυναικα εναντι κυριου και αποκαλυψει την κεφαλην της γυναικος και δωσει επι τας χειρας αυτης την θυσιαν του μνημοσυνου την θυσιαν της ζηλοτυπιας εν δε τη χειρι του ιερεως εσται το υδωρ του ελεγμου του επικαταρωμενου τουτου

The priest shall cause her to take an oath and shall tell the woman, “If no man has lain with you, and if you haven’t gone aside to uncleanness, being under your husband’s authority, be free from this water of bitterness that brings a curse.

and the priest H3548 shall charge her by an oath, H7650 (HiphPerf) and say H559 (QalPerf) unto the woman, H802 If no man H376 have lain H7901 (QalPerf) with thee, and if thou hast not gone aside H7847 (QalPerf) to uncleanness H2932 with another instead of thy husband,^§ H376 be thou free H5352 (NiphImpv) from this bitter H4751 water H4325 that causeth the curse: H779 (PielPtc)

Numbers 5:19 Or, being in the power of thy husband. Heb. under thy husband

και ορκιει αυτην ο ιερευς και ερει τη γυναικι ει μη κεκοιμηται τις μετα σου ει μη παραβεβηκας μιανθηναι υπο τον ανδρα τον σεαυτης αθωα ισθι απο του υδατος του ελεγμου του επικαταρωμενου τουτου

“‘The priest shall write these curses in a book, and he shall wipe them into the water of bitterness.

And the priest H3548 shall write H3789 (QalPerf) these curses H423 in a book, H5612 and he shall blot H4229 (QalPerf) them out with the bitter H4751 water: H4325

και γραψει ο ιερευς τας αρας ταυτας εις βιβλιον και εξαλειψει εις το υδωρ του ελεγμου του επικαταρωμενου

He shall make the woman drink the water of bitterness that causes the curse; and the water that causes the curse shall enter into her and become bitter.

and he shall cause the woman H802 to drink H8248 (HiphPerf) the bitter H4751 water H4325 that causeth the curse: H779 (PielPtc) and the water H4325 that causeth the curse H779 (PielPtc) shall enter H935 (QalPerf) into her, and become bitter. H4751

και ποτιει την γυναικα το υδωρ του ελεγμου του επικαταρωμενου και εισελευσεται εις αυτην το υδωρ το επικαταρωμενον του ελεγμου

When he has made her drink the water, then it shall happen, if she is defiled and has committed a trespass against her husband, that the water that causes the curse will enter into her and become bitter, and her body will swell, and her thigh will fall away; and the woman will be a curse among her people.

And when he hath made her to drink H8248 (HiphPerf) the water, H4325 then it shall come to pass, that, if she be defiled, H2930 (NiphPerf) and have done H4603 (QalImpf) trespass H4604 against her husband, H376 that the water H4325 that causeth the curse H779 (PielPtc) shall enter H935 (QalPerf) into her, and become bitter, H4751 and her belly H990 shall swell, H6638 (QalPerf) and her thigh H3409 shall rot: H5307 (QalPerf) and the woman H802 shall be a curse H423 among H7130 her people. H5971

και εσται εαν η μεμιαμμενη και ληθη λαθη τον ανδρα αυτης και εισελευσεται εις αυτην το υδωρ του ελεγμου το επικαταρωμενον και πρησθησεται την κοιλιαν και διαπεσειται ο μηρος αυτης και εσται η γυνη εις αραν εν τω λαω αυτης

The children of Dan said to him, “Don’t let your voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows fall on you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household.”

And the children H1121 of Dan H1835 said H559 (QalImpf) unto him, Let not thy voice H6963 be heard H8085 (HiphImpf) among us, lest angry^§ H4751 H5315 fellows H582 run H6293 (QalImpf) upon thee, and thou lose H622 (QalPerf) thy life, H5315 with the lives H5315 of thy household. H1004

Judges 18:25 Heb. bitter of soul

και ειπον προς αυτον οι υιοι δαν μη ακουσθητω δη η φωνη σου μεθ ημων μηποτε απαντησωσιν υμιν ανδρες κατωδυνοι ψυχη και προσθησεις την ψυχην σου και την ψυχην του οικου σου

She was in bitterness of soul, and prayed to Yahweh, weeping bitterly.

And she was in bitterness H4751 of soul, H5315 and prayed H6419 (HithImpf) unto the Lord, H3068 and wept H1058 (QalImpf) sore. H1058 (QalInf)

και αυτη κατωδυνος ψυχη και προσηυξατο προς κυριον και κλαιουσα εκλαυσεν

Then Samuel said, “Bring Agag the king of the Amalekites here to me!” Agag came to him cheerfully. Agag said, “Surely the bitterness of death is past.”

Then said H559 (QalImpf) Samuel, H8050 Bring ye hither H5066 (HiphImpv) to me Agag H90 the king H4428 of the Amalekites. H6002 And Agag H90 came H3212 (QalImpf) unto him delicately. H4574 And Agag H90 said, H559 (QalImpf) Surely H403 the bitterness H4751 of death H4194 is past. H5493 (QalPerf)

και ειπεν σαμουηλ προσαγαγετε μοι τον αγαγ βασιλεα αμαληκ και προσηλθεν προς αυτον αγαγ τρεμων και ειπεν αγαγ ει ουτως πικρος ο θανατος

Everyone who was in distress, everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented gathered themselves to him; and he became captain over them. There were with him about four hundred men.

And every one H376 that was in distress, H4689 and every one H376 that was in debt,^§ H5378 (QalPtc) and every one H376 that was discontented, H4751 H5315 gathered H6908 (HithImpf) themselves unto him; and he became a captain H8269 over them: and there were with him about four H702 hundred H3967 men. H376

1 Samuel 22:2 Heb. had a creditor

και συνηγοντο προς αυτον πας εν αναγκη και πας υποχρεως και πας κατωδυνος ψυχη και ην επ αυτων ηγουμενος και ησαν μετ αυτου ως τετρακοσιοι ανδρες

Then Abner called to Joab, and said, “Shall the sword devour forever? Don’t you know that it will be bitterness in the latter end? How long will it be then, before you ask the people to return from following their brothers?”

Then Abner H74 called H7121 (QalImpf) to Joab, H3097 and said, H559 (QalImpf) Shall the sword H2719 devour H398 (QalImpf) for ever? H5331 knowest H3045 (QalPerf) thou not that it will be bitterness H4751 in the latter end? H314 how long shall it be then, ere thou bid H559 (QalImpf) the people H5971 return H7725 (QalInf) from following H310 their brethren? H251

και εκαλεσεν αβεννηρ ιωαβ και ειπεν μη εις νικος καταφαγεται η ρομφαια η ουκ οιδας οτι πικρα εσται εις τα εσχατα και εως ποτε ου μη ειπης τω λαω αναστρεφειν απο οπισθεν των αδελφων ημων

Hushai said moreover, “You know your father and his men, that they are mighty men, and they are fierce in their minds, like a bear robbed of her cubs in the field. Your father is a man of war, and will not lodge with the people.

For, said H559 (QalImpf) Hushai, H2365 thou knowest H3045 (QalPerf) thy father H1 and his men, H582 that they be mighty men, H1368 and they be chafed H4751 in their minds,^§ H5315 as a bear H1677 robbed H7909 of her whelps in the field: H7704 and thy father H1 is a man H376 of war, H4421 and will not lodge H3885 (QalImpf) with the people. H5971

2 Samuel 17:8 Heb. bitter of soul

και ειπεν χουσι συ οιδας τον πατερα σου και τους ανδρας αυτου οτι δυνατοι εισιν σφοδρα και καταπικροι τη ψυχη αυτων ως αρκος ητεκνωμενη εν αγρω και ως υς τραχεια εν τω πεδιω και ο πατηρ σου ανηρ πολεμιστης και ου μη καταλυση τον λαον

For Yahweh saw the affliction of Israel, that it was very bitter for all, slave and free; and there was no helper for Israel.

For the Lord H3068 saw H7200 (QalPerf) the affliction H6040 of Israel, H3478 that it was very H3966 bitter: H4784 (QalActPtc) for there was not H657 any shut up, H6113 (QalPasPtc) nor any left, H5800 (QalPasPtc) nor any helper H5826 (QalActPtc) for Israel. H3478

οτι ειδεν κυριος την ταπεινωσιν ισραηλ πικραν σφοδρα και ολιγοστους συνεχομενους και εσπανισμενους και εγκαταλελειμμενους και ουκ ην ο βοηθων τω ισραηλ

Now when Mordecai found out all that was done, Mordecai tore his clothes and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the middle of the city, and wailed loudly and bitterly.

When Mordecai H4782 perceived H3045 (QalPerf) all that was done, H6213 (NiphPerf) Mordecai H4782 rent H7167 (QalImpf) his clothes, H899 and put on H3847 (QalImpf) sackcloth H8242 with ashes, H665 and went out H3318 (QalImpf) into the midst H8432 of the city, H5892 and cried H2199 (QalImpf) with a loud H1419 and a bitter H4751 cry; H2201

ο δε μαρδοχαιος επιγνους το συντελουμενον διερρηξεν τα ιματια αυτου και ενεδυσατο σακκον και κατεπασατο σποδον και εκπηδησας δια της πλατειας της πολεως εβοα φωνη μεγαλη αιρεται εθνος μηδεν ηδικηκος

“Why is light given to him who is in misery, life to the bitter in soul,

Wherefore is light H216 given H5414 (QalImpf) to him that is in misery, H6001 And life H2416 unto the bitter H4751 in soul; H5315

ινα τι γαρ δεδοται τοις εν πικρια φως ζωη δε ταις εν οδυναις ψυχαις

“Therefore I will not keep silent. I will speak in the anguish of my spirit. I will complain in the bitterness of my soul.

Therefore I will not refrain H2820 (QalImpf) my mouth; H6310 I will speak H1696 (PielImpf) in the anguish H6862 of my spirit; H7307 I will complain H7878 (QalImpf) in the bitterness H4751 of my soul. H5315

αταρ ουν ουδε εγω φεισομαι τω στοματι μου λαλησω εν αναγκη ων ανοιξω πικριαν ψυχης μου συνεχομενος

“My soul is weary of my life. I will give free course to my complaint. I will speak in the bitterness of my soul.

My soul H5315 is weary H5354 (QalPerf) of my life;^§ H2416 I will leave H5800 (QalImpf) my complaint H7879 upon myself; I will speak H1696 (PielImpf) in the bitterness H4751 of my soul. H5315

Job 10:1 Or, cut off while I live

καμνων τη ψυχη μου στενων επαφησω επ αυτον τα ρηματα μου λαλησω πικρια ψυχης μου συνεχομενος

Another dies in bitterness of soul, and never tastes of good.

And another dieth H4191 (QalImpf) in the bitterness H4751 of his soul, H5315 And never eateth H398 (QalPerf) with pleasure. H2896

ο δε τελευτα υπο πικριας ψυχης ου φαγων ουδεν αγαθον

who sharpen their tongue like a sword, and aim their arrows, deadly words,

Who whet H8150 (QalPerf) their tongue H3956 like a sword, H2719 And bend H1869 (QalPerf) their bows to shoot their arrows, H2671 even bitter H4751 words: H1697

^[63:4] οιτινες ηκονησαν ως ρομφαιαν τας γλωσσας αυτων ενετειναν τοξον αυτων πραγμα πικρον

but in the end she is as bitter as wormwood, and as sharp as a two-edged sword.

But her end H319 is bitter H4751 as wormwood, H3939 Sharp H2299 as a twoedged H6310 sword. H2719

υστερον μεντοι πικροτερον χολης ευρησεις και ηκονημενον μαλλον μαχαιρας διστομου

The heart knows its own bitterness and joy; he will not share these with a stranger.

The heart H3820 knoweth H3045 (QalActPtc) his own H5315 bitterness;^§ H4787 And a stranger H2114 (QalPtc) doth not intermeddle H6148 (HithImpf) with his joy. H8057

Proverbs 14:10 Heb. the bitterness of his soul

καρδια ανδρος αισθητικη λυπηρα ψυχη αυτου οταν δε ευφραινηται ουκ επιμειγνυται υβρει

A full soul loathes a honeycomb; but to a hungry soul, every bitter thing is sweet.

The full H7649 soul H5315 loatheth^§ H947 (QalImpf) an honeycomb; H5317 But to the hungry H7457 soul H5315 every bitter thing H4751 is sweet. H4966

Proverbs 27:7 Heb. treadeth under foot

ψυχη εν πλησμονη ουσα κηριοις εμπαιζει ψυχη δε ενδεει και τα πικρα γλυκεια φαινεται

Give strong drink to him who is ready to perish, and wine to the bitter in soul.

Give H5414 (QalImpv) strong drink H7941 unto him that is ready to perish, H6 (QalActPtc) And wine H3196 unto those that be of heavy H4751 hearts.^§ H5315

Proverbs 31:6 Heb. bitter of soul

διδοτε μεθην τοις εν λυπαις και οινον πινειν τοις εν οδυναις

I find more bitter than death the woman whose heart is snares and traps, whose hands are chains. Whoever pleases God shall escape from her; but the sinner will be ensnared by her.

and I find H4672 (QalActPtc) more bitter H4751 than death H4194 the woman, H802 whose heart H3820 is snares H4685 and nets, H2764 and her hands H3027 as bands: H612 whoso pleaseth H2896 H6440 God H430 shall escape H4422 (NiphImpf) from her; but the sinner H2398 (QalActPtc) shall be taken H3920 (NiphImpf) by her.

και ευρισκω εγω πικροτερον υπερ θανατον συν την γυναικα ητις εστιν θηρευματα και σαγηναι καρδια αυτης δεσμοι χειρες αυτης αγαθος προ προσωπου του θεου εξαιρεθησεται απ αυτης και αμαρτανων συλλημφθησεται εν αυτη

Woe to those who call evil good, and good evil; who put darkness for light, and light for darkness; who put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!

Woe H1945 unto them that call H559 (QalActPtc) evil H7451 good,^§ H2896 and good H2896 evil; H7451 that put H7760 (QalActPtc) darkness H2822 for light, H216 and light H216 for darkness; H2822 that put H7760 (QalActPtc) bitter H4751 for sweet, H4966 and sweet H4966 for bitter! H4751

Isaiah 5:20 Heb. that say concerning evil, It is good, etc.

ουαι οι λεγοντες το πονηρον καλον και το καλον πονηρον οι τιθεντες το σκοτος φως και το φως σκοτος οι τιθεντες το πικρον γλυκυ και το γλυκυ πικρον

Behold, their valiant ones cry outside; the ambassadors of peace weep bitterly.

Behold, their valiant ones^§ H691 shall cry H6817 (QalPerf) without: H2351 the ambassadors H4397 of peace H7965 shall weep H1058 (QalImpf) bitterly. H4751

Isaiah 33:7 Or, messengers

ιδου δη εν τω φοβω υμων αυτοι φοβηθησονται ους εφοβεισθε φοβηθησονται αφ υμων αγγελοι γαρ αποσταλησονται αξιουντες ειρηνην πικρως κλαιοντες παρακαλουντες ειρηνην

What will I say? He has both spoken to me, and himself has done it. I will walk carefully all my years because of the anguish of my soul.

What shall I say? H1696 (PielImpf) he hath both spoken H559 (QalPerf) unto me, and himself hath done H6213 (QalPerf) it: I shall go softly H1718 (HithImpf) all my years H8141 in the bitterness H4751 of my soul. H5315

και αφειλατο μου την οδυνην της ψυχης

Behold, for peace I had great anguish, but you have in love for my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for you have cast all my sins behind your back.

Behold, for peace H7965 I had great bitterness:^§ H4751 H4843 (QalPerf) But thou hast in love H2836 (QalPerf) to my soul H5315 delivered it from the pit^§ H7845 of corruption: H1097 For thou hast cast H7993 (HiphPerf) all my sins H2399 behind H310 thy back. H1460

Isaiah 38:17a Or, on my peace came great bitterness
Isaiah 38:17b Heb. thou hast loved me from the pit

ειλου γαρ μου την ψυχην ινα μη αποληται και απερριψας οπισω μου πασας τας αμαρτιας μου

“Your own wickedness will correct you, and your backsliding will rebuke you. Know therefore and see that it is an evil and bitter thing, that you have forsaken Yahweh your God, and that my fear is not in you,” says the Lord, Yahweh of Armies.

Thine own wickedness H7451 shall correct H3256 (PielImpf) thee, and thy backslidings H4878 shall reprove H3198 (HiphImpf) thee: know H3045 (QalImpv) therefore and see H7200 (QalImpv) that it is an evil H7451 thing and bitter, H4751 that thou hast forsaken H5800 (QalInf) the Lord H3068 thy God, H430 and that my fear H6345 is not in thee, saith H5002 (QalPasPtc) the Lord H136 God H3069 of hosts. H6635

παιδευσει σε η αποστασια σου και η κακια σου ελεγξει σε και γνωθι και ιδε οτι πικρον σοι το καταλιπειν σε εμε λεγει κυριος ο θεος σου και ουκ ευδοκησα επι σοι λεγει κυριος ο θεος σου

“Your way and your doings have brought these things to you. This is your wickedness, for it is bitter, for it reaches to your heart.”

Thy way H1870 and thy doings H4611 have procured H6213 (QalPerf) these things unto thee; this is thy wickedness, H7451 because it is bitter, H4751 because it reacheth H5060 (QalPerf) unto thine heart. H3820

αι οδοι σου και τα επιτηδευματα σου εποιησαν ταυτα σοι αυτη η κακια σου οτι πικρα οτι ηψατο εως της καρδιας σου

The roads to Zion mourn, because no one comes to the solemn assembly. All her gates are desolate. Her priests sigh. Her virgins are afflicted, and she herself is in bitterness.

The ways H1870 of Zion H6726 do mourn, H57 Because none come H935 (QalActPtc) to the solemn feasts: H4150 All her gates H8179 are desolate: H8074 (QalActPtc) Her priests H3548 sigh, H584 (NiphPtc) Her virgins H1330 are afflicted, H3013 (NiphPtc) And she is in bitterness. H4843 (QalPerf)

οδοι σιων πενθουσιν παρα το μη ειναι ερχομενους εν εορτη πασαι αι πυλαι αυτης ηφανισμεναι οι ιερεις αυτης αναστεναζουσιν αι παρθενοι αυτης αγομεναι και αυτη πικραινομενη εν εαυτη

So the Spirit lifted me up, and took me away; and I went in bitterness, in the heat of my spirit; and Yahweh’s hand was strong on me.

So the spirit H7307 lifted me up, H5375 (QalPerf) and took me away, H3947 (QalImpf) and I went H3212 (QalImpf) in bitterness,^§ H4751 in the heat H2534 of my spirit;^§ H7307 but the hand H3027 of the Lord H3068 was strong H2388 (QalPerf) upon me.

Ezekiel 3:14a Heb. bitter
Ezekiel 3:14b Heb. hot anger

και το πνευμα εξηρεν με και ανελαβεν με και επορευθην εν ορμη του πνευματος μου και χειρ κυριου εγενετο επ εμε κραταια

and will cause their voice to be heard over you, and will cry bitterly. They will cast up dust on their heads. They will wallow in the ashes.

and shall cause their voice H6963 to be heard H8085 (HiphPerf) against thee, and shall cry H2199 (QalImpf) bitterly, H4751 and shall cast up H5927 (HiphImpf) dust H6083 upon their heads, H7218 they shall wallow H6428 (HithImpf) themselves in the ashes: H665

και αλαλαξουσιν επι σε τη φωνη αυτων και κεκραξονται πικρον και επιθησουσιν επι την κεφαλην αυτων γην και σποδον υποστρωσονται

They will make themselves bald for you, and clothe themselves with sackcloth. They will weep for you in bitterness of soul, with bitter mourning.

and they shall make themselves utterly H7144 bald H7139 (HiphPerf) for thee, and gird H2296 (QalPerf) them with sackcloth, H8242 and they shall weep H1058 (QalPerf) for thee with bitterness H4751 of heart H5315 and bitter H4751 wailing. H4553

I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation; and I will make you wear sackcloth on all your bodies, and baldness on every head. I will make it like the mourning for an only son, and its end like a bitter day.

and I will turn H2015 (QalPerf) your feasts H2282 into mourning, H60 and all your songs H7892 into lamentation; H7015 and I will bring up H5927 (HiphPerf) sackcloth H8242 upon all loins, H4975 and baldness H7144 upon every head; H7218 and I will make H7760 (QalPerf) it as the mourning H60 of an only H3173 son, and the end H319 thereof as a bitter H4751 day. H3117

και μεταστρεψω τας εορτας υμων εις πενθος και πασας τας ωδας υμων εις θρηνον και αναβιβω επι πασαν οσφυν σακκον και επι πασαν κεφαλην φαλακρωμα και θησομαι αυτον ως πενθος αγαπητου και τους μετ αυτου ως ημεραν οδυνης

For, behold,^§ I am raising up the Chaldeans, that bitter and hasty nation who march through the width of the earth, to possess dwelling places that are not theirs.

Habakkuk 1:6 “Behold”, from “הִנֵּה”, means look at, take notice, observe, see, or gaze at. It is often used as an interjection.

For, lo, I raise up H6965 (HiphPtc) the Chaldeans, H3778 that bitter H4751 and hasty H4116 (NiphPtc) nation, H1471 which shall march H1980 (QalActPtc) through the breadth^§ H4800 of the land, H776 to possess H3423 (QalInf) the dwellingplaces H4908 that are not their’s.

Habakkuk 1:6 Heb. breadths

διοτι ιδου εγω εξεγειρω εφ υμας τους χαλδαιους τους μαχητας το εθνος το πικρον και το ταχινον το πορευομενον επι τα πλατη της γης του κατακληρονομησαι σκηνωματα ουκ αυτου

The great day of Yahweh is near. It is near and hurries greatly, the voice of the day of Yahweh. The mighty man cries there bitterly.

The great H1419 day H3117 of the Lord H3068 is near, H7138 it is near, H7138 and hasteth H4118 greatly, H3966 even the voice H6963 of the day H3117 of the Lord: H3068 the mighty man H1368 shall cry H6873 (QalActPtc) there bitterly. H4751

οτι εγγυς η ημερα κυριου η μεγαλη εγγυς και ταχεια σφοδρα φωνη ημερας κυριου πικρα και σκληρα τετακται δυνατη